Field Trip Journal Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Field Trip Journal - Essay Example I even found myself loving the class more and more, especially when we began discussing the textbook and the beach types. By the time we started going for the trips, I was already in love with Marine Biology. A number of field trips that we went during the semester made the class more fun and lively and indeed, I learnt a number of things during these trips. Here is my journal on the various field trips that we went to. On 9th March 2013, we visited the Cabrillo Marion Aquarium. We arrived at around midday. The professor and the tour guide showed us around the shore. He told us to take care and be watchful of the animals and avoid those that were likely to harm us. He insisted on the safety measures that he had taught us. We then started the trip, and looked at the various animals in the aquarium. The various marine animals in the aquarium include the Lion Nudibranchia, which is a soft bodied animal. I learnt that it normally sheds it after the larval stage. I found it quite confusin g with the sea slug, and could not tell where their difference lay. Bat star (Patiria miniata) has five arms with a centre disc which is very wide. I was able to identify the many colours that the animals had, which were green, purple, red, orange, yellow and brown. I found it rather funny that an animal could have so many colours. Among the rocks I could make out the Giant sea star, (Pisaster giganteus) especially due to its huge size and the length of its arms which were very long. I also saw the warty sea cucumber (Parastichopus parvimensis) and felt its soft body that was cylindrical in shape. Its skin was leathery and which is either reddish brown or yellow in colour. California spiny lobster scared me with the huge body and large antennae that protruded from its head. I wondered how it would feel like for the animal carrying such large antennae on its forehead, imagining that it must get tired at times. California moray eel looked so ugly to me, with the huge mouth and the roc k like body that made it appear uglier and disgusting to look at. After visiting the aquarium, I think that looking and observing these marine creatures in real person is very different from studying them in a textbook. I felt that they are living, with their funny features, and sometimes weird nature making me awe at their uniqueness. I would suggest to the Cabrillo marine aquarium to assign bigger tanks or separate them because they appear to be too squeezed and uncomfortable. The following trip was to the Marine Mammal Care Centre that was on the 20th March 2013. The centre is a rehabilitation place for various animals in California, especially those that are hurt and the ones that cannot properly look after themselves. I felt quite sorry for the ones that were really wounded. However, the attendants who were mostly volunteers made me feel compassionate about animals. Their devotion towards the animals made me look at animal kingdom in a different way. While some people kill anim als for food and others wound them, some take care of their mess. There were two animals that I greatly mistook for sea lions since I had not gotten much used to their differences apart from the textbook pictures. However, I realized from the sign on the cage that they were On 27th March 2013, we visited the Point Fermin. Our professor allowed us to go to up to the shore.

Libertarian Use of Punishment to Show Free Will Essay

Libertarian Use of Punishment to Show Free Will - Essay Example Libertarianism is the view that we have free will. Free will is an act based on a reason that an agent takes to choose an action from a range of alternatives (O’Connor, 2011). How choices transpire made at times of differing motives might agree with the increase of quantum indeterminism in individuals’ brains. Following my first premise, libertarians deem that we may hold individuals morally accountable only if they exercise free will, a person can freely choose to take an action, making them responsible, morally. This makes that person free and ethically responsible because they have taken a choice that is undetermined. Regardless of the undetermined choices they put forward, few libertarians will assert to offer an episteme justification that persons did take that kind of choices.   Libertarians decide the degree of harshness that is assigned to a individual whose moral responsibility has been established to the acceptable standards of the society. However, they to agree that assigning those difficult characteristic of moral responsibility to individuals who does not believe in libertarian free will is to take action wrongly. Hence justifying my premise that punishment bestowed by free willed libertarian can only be done to a believer of the same, in order to be deemed right. The second premise argues that that majority of libertarians deem that we should hold individuals morally responsible. Holding an individual morally responsible take account of a range of behaviours; that may be either positive or negative. Examples include: verbal accusation, praise and blame and retributive penalty. Libertarians differ among themselves over deciding how much of that assortment moral responsibility comprise. However, due to the fact that even the smallest of undesirable behaviour harms people, libertarians use the obligation of moral responsibility as a justification to turns otherwise immoral behaviour into punishable action (Double).  Some libertaria ns however have more to their thoughts on punishment. Mark Balaguer (1999) argues that there is enough grounds for believing alternative are undetermined as we do for supposing they are determined. He argues that nobody knows exactly how the human brain works. But his argument fails to give reason to establish that brains make undermined choices gives room to believe we do make choices based our free will. Robert Kane (1996, 1999) takes an alternative view other libertarians stating that Kanian free choosers may only have partial control over their choices. His implies that they are only, to some degree, morally responsible for their deeds. Because Kane’s theory makes indeterministic choices rely upon a indeterminate quantum actions, he concede that Kanian free individuals lack control over what they choose. Kane’s view would not be shared by traditional libertarians precisely because his argument of having less control over actions taken fails to support the responsib ility that libertarians wish to assign. Doing this would make it difficult to give emphasize on the importance to libertarians of mitigating the practices of making a person responsible morally for his deeds.   The strongest argument raised against libertarian argument to use punishment to show free will is the proportionality rule. The proportionality rule gives us how much penalty a claimant may exact to a wrong doer, and no more;

Psychological research into language, and sex and gender

Psychological research into language, and sex and gender In this report I will be evaluating the contribution of social perspectives to our understanding from the two topics found in: OU, DSE212 Challenging Psychological Issues, Book 2. The topics I have chosen for consideration of psychological research are language, and sex and gender. The approaches taken will be analysed the topic in general terms and not to focus on one particular aspect at detailed levels. It points to the lack of a conclusive answer which is caused by Psychology as a discipline being relatively young and still in early stages with a lack of adequately strong theories that might assist to connect otherwise contrasting perspectives co existing. The report concludes that different perspectives within psychology can coexist at times, though conflict is frequent throughout. Sex and Gender The Psychology of sex and gender is one the most topical, important and engaging subjects that psychology, it illustrates many of the difficult issues that psychological explanations must address, including the political implications of different perspectives and the challenging of integrating explanations. It has been a controversial topic since the inception of psychology as a discipline and it powerful illustrates some of the diverse approaches with the field. A deliberation of how psychology approaches the analysis of sex and gender discloses four psychological perspectives, these are: Biological sex differences: Explaining the differences between male and female and biological correlates of behaviour. Investigations ere conducted through scientific processes Evolutionary psychology: Explaining the differences in the behaviour between the sexes in terms of behavioural selection for reproductive fitness. Test are conducted empirically Social constructionist theory: Gender differences between the sexes through the study of discourse in various historical, cultural and social contexts and so is hermeneutic. Psychoanalytic psychology: Development and meaning of sexual differences. Studies are largely done through clinical observation. Direct impressions of the four perspectives are objects of knowledge of each of the perspectives are all valid and useful in general psychology of sex and gender,. They pose somewhat different questions, have different objects of knowledge and use different notions of evidences. These perspectives may be complementary, conflicting however the scope for co-existence is not transparent. Given that the perspectives do not share common objects of knowledge, however is there can be an underlying hope for complementary theories in which together they all contribute to a broad understanding. Sex refer to the biological basis of differences between the sexes, where as gender refers to social constructed categories pertaining to these differences. Assigning a sex to humans can sometimes be a complex process, biological characteristics such as genetics and hormonal used to designate male or female, can be unreliable in small proportions of case, due to genetic abnormalities, such as, Androgen Insensitivity Syndrome (AIS) and Klinefelterss Syndrome ((XXY) (OU, p137) Certainly the biological and evolutionary perspectives appear complementary at the theoretical level in that both regard biological sex as the determinant of gender and view differences between sexes as biological features that have been selected for during evolution. Evolutionary psychologists argue that sexual selections and the different optimal reproductive styles of our male female ancestors have results in some differences in the behavioural predispositions of the two sexes. These are seen to particularly apparent in the area of sexual behaviours and attitudes. Buss (1992), found while both sexes reported experiencing jealousy at the though of their partner being involved with another person, there were differences in the focus of their concerned. OU,p145) In humans, unlike in other animals, clear differences in brain structures that correlate with differences in adult behaviour patterns have proven difficult to demonstrate. Nonetheless, imaging studies show some sex differences in brain functioning of Western adults. This is probably due, at least in part, to the brains plasticity.(Giedd et al, 1999) )p140). While some sex differences are clearly established at birth for most individuals, bodies and brained may become gendered over lifetime of use. A explanations would appear to be consistent with research findings from cross-cultural differences in male and females sexual behaviours, which Allen and Gorski, 1990 study has backed (OU, p139) However, biological psychology attempts to explain differences in male-female psychology in terms of selected physiological characteristics, for example dimorphism in brain structures (cf. Hofman and Swaab, 1991, cited in Holloway et al, 2007, p.139). On the other hand the evolutionary psychologist would principally argue in favour of selected behavioural characteristics such as differences between male and female sexual attitudes (cf. Clark and Hatfield, 1989, cited in Holloway et al, 2007, p.146). There is thus an apparent conflict at the level of analysis. It is therefore ironic that evolutionary psychology must perforce co-exist with biological psychology since, given the understandable constraints on its ability to conduct the sorts of empirical investigations that might be wished for (cf. Herrnstein-Smith, 2000, cited in Holloway et al, 2007, OU p.141), it is dependent on a certain amount of corroboration from the biological perspective, amongst others (cited in Holloway et al, 2007, pp.184). (22) Social constructionist point of view, they regard sex and gender as characteristics that are revealed only through discourse and action. These are consequence of the individuals behaviour and experience in a given cultural, social and historical context. The depth of the conflict is exemplified by a comparison of evolutionary studies that emphasise cross-cultural stability in particular sexual preferences (cf. Singh 1995, p.148; Buss and Schmitt, 1993, p.148, cited in Holloway et al, 2007) and social constructionist ideas such as Sandra Bem, who developed the idea of the cultural lens of musicality and femininity. This lens is a way of perceiving the world that makes behaviour and experiences gendered, this is called the Gender Schema Theory (1994, Holloway et al, 2007, OU p.153). According to the social constructionist perspectives, biological sex is not central to explaining what it is to be a man or a women, rather it is a signpost to which a whole set of us socially constructed gender differences are attached. In this account, social constructionist created discourse about masculinity and femininity are used by individual to create their own gendered subject positions. Whereas the biological and evolutionary perspectives agree that biological sex lies at the heart of explaining gender, the social constructionist perspective explicitly rejects that view; sometimes for political reasons. In relation to Sex and Gender, political differences are often exposed when conflicting accounts of differences occur. Gender and sexuality came to be seen, through Freuds work, as having far-reaching implications for the development of self. It largely complements the social constructionist, in terms of its interpretive or hermeneutic methodology, its explanations largely focus on the unconscious given that its objects of study entail the meaning of the biological differences between men and women and how these become internalised in the childs mind (OU, Holloway et al, 2007, pp.183). Thus both the social constructionist and psychoanalytic perspectives conflict with the biological and evolutionary approaches at the methodological level. Uniquely however the psychoanalysis perspective recognises both biological and cultural contributions to its theorising. It is not without its share of conflict however. Within the perspective, a important critical developments in the psychoanalytic theory sex and gender includes Freuds notion for the symbolic significance of the penis( and penis envy) quickly came under scrutiny from feminist psychologists to scientific practices. through Freud failure to consider the significant of womens genitals. (OU, Horney, 1926, , 2007, p.164). Language and Meaning There are three main perspectives used to examine the complex area of language, these are: Theory Methods Themes. These perspectives focus on different aspects of language including evolutionary developments of languages, the processing of languages and the construction of meaning through interaction. The study of language and meaning, one finds an equally intriguing mix of potential co-existence, complement and conflict when comparing the three principal perspectives. The evolutionary perspective sets out to explore language to understand how are related structurally and historically, how they are used differently by various social and cultural groups and how languages is used to communicate and create meaning. Language is the main medium for communication between humans beings and where we express, explore and pursue those goals that mean most to us .It is possible to view the three perspectives as at least co-existent. Their objects of knowledge are different and one might expect their cumulative product to contribute to some sort of unified theory. However, the potential for conflict between the cognitive and social constructionist perspectives is revealed in how they view meaning as the object of knowledge. For the former it is something that is constructed internally by the individual prior to transmission, and subsequently reconstructed by the audience. For the latter it is negotiated as a result of discourse between individuals meaning emerges as the result of a complex interplay of intentions, interpretations and power-relations. Thus, there is cause for disagreement as to what meaning is and where it comes from (Sperber and Wilson 1986, OU, p100). That this is adequate to justify a claim of conflict seems weak since the types of meaning espoused by the two perspectives are themselves different. A major social constructionist argument against a purist cognitive perspective is that cognitive processes cannot be transparently reported. This argument is one that cognitive researchers have long acknowledged. Commenting on early research into the cognitive modelling of language Boden (1977, pp.113ff, et passim) notes that a persons understanding of language in a given instance is dependent, not simply on their knowledge of the world around them, but crucially on their understanding of their relationship with who they communicate with. Within the evolutionary perspective there is also a debate as to whether language evolved as an adaptation advantage and was the foundation for other cognitive abilities. Pinker (1994) believes that languages may have evolved through natural selection, perhaps in conjunction with other cognitive abilities, OU, p83) or as a consequence of selection for an ability to form our Metarepresentation (Sperber, 2000, p.86). These are contradictory and conflicting views.. The major differences between psychological methods based on natural science principles and those based those on hermeneutic principles means that preservatives based on these methods may have difficulty achieving more than uneasy coexistence. Psychologists do not stand on such substantial bedrock. The questions they pose are often difficult to formulate computationally without reducing the predictive power of any solution, whereas the history of physics can be measured in thousands of years, psychology as a recognisable discipline has existed for just over a century. A inevitable conclusion is that psychology is characterised by perspectives that at one or more of these levels conflict, co-exist or complement, No perspective on its own can tell the whole story. The perspectives and levels of analysis and explanations cannot just be combined without an account of how they interact. Word count: 1793 294 (References + Quotes +Titles + Bullet Points) = 1499

Computers In Our World :: essays research papers

Computers in our World In the 1950's, computers were a new race of machines and most common person did not know anything about them. Today, computers and new Innovation like the internet has changed the business world and even our daily lives. How did it change the business world and our own personal lives and is it for the best, that's what will be discussed in this report. Contents Summary 1 Introduction 3 When were computers invented Brief history of computers 4 First computer invented 4 Immediate effects of this invention 4 The business world and computers The businesses now depend on computers 5 Computers are necessary for competitiveness 5 The rise of the Internet 6 Computers and our daily lives Why do we use them 6 What are the advantages of owning a personal computer 6 Is there any disadvantages 7 Conclusion and Recommendations 8 References 8 How Computers changed our lives Introduction Large businesses now mostly depend on computers to stay competitive, they not only save time and effort, but sometimes they are used to do very complexe application that are necessary to this business. More and more companies have there own "Web Page" on the net. Some use the Internet only to display information about there business, others really go "all out" and use the Internet as another way for a client to purshase their goods and services. Either way, the Internet is getting larger and larger, therefore, businesses that want to stay on top cannot omit the Internet as another way to transact with their clients. Although computers have become necessary in the business world, it also has become a "must" for certain individuals in their daily lives. With computers today, the things you can do are unlimited. Desktop computers, meaning computers designed mostly for home use, are getting more powerful than ever and its only a beginning. Like in the business world, the Internet is rising and getting more and more popular, therefore, all sorts of "virtual companies" have come out on the Net and once again, it is only a beginning. Were did this all begin, when was the first computer invented and how did it become what it is today, well see that a little bit later. Although computers started out by being simple calculators and later on complicated Main-Frames that used punch cards for input devices, today's computers are much more powerful, and they seem a lot more easy to use and to understand, but are they really? Although this report examines the effect of computers on the business world and on our daily lives, it is important to know when and where they come from.

Effects of gangsterism Essay

Effect of gangsterism towards individual Gangsterisms are the social phenomenon which occurs widely among teenagers in our country. With the rapid increase of this problem, gangsterisms can give a lot of negative impact towards individual, family, and society. In term of individual, student who involves themselves with gangsterism will face bad consequences in their life including having a dark future. Thus, their future might be threatened due to the result of their behavior. Most probably they will be detained because somehow they able to create chaotic scene in their surroundings. This will also affect their life as they unable to perform their study in higher level and they might spend their teenage years in juvenile school or rehabilitation centre. On the contrary, those with a bright future able to continue their study while they had wasting their precious life in prison. Effect of gangsterism towards parents In the context of family, parents need to receive the bad treatment as the result of their children behavior. Most probably, parents might be insulted or becoming the subject of hatred from people in their surrounding. They might be blame for what their children had done and through other people eyes they had to be responsible. Somehow, there are parents who try so hard, in order to guide their children back to the right path. However, some children are too stubborn and ignore the advice of their respectful parents. In addition, parents need to face with reality that their children are not turn into a good person and turn out differently from what they had expected. Effect of gangsterism towards society As for society, they will feel insecure and threatened over this matter because they felt that the surrounding is not the safe place anymore due to the violent act of gangster. The behavior of gangster might endanger their life because at some point, gangster can turn out to be a killer and some of them also fight among each other to show their power. In addition, this kind of phenomenon also spread widely in school. Johnson and Johnson (2005) stated that the researchers determined that the alarm about rampant violence in school is not justified, but concern about the frequency with which adolescents victimize each other is, even though the victimizations are more  bothersome than injurious. In addition, it had come to the stage where school compound cannot be considered as a safe place anymore due to the gangsterism activities that take place in school area. Middleton-Moz and Zawadski (2002) argue that our own lack of awareness often causes us to be both deaf and blind to the pain experienced by our nation’s youth and, as a result, our young people too often become the prisoners of their sadness and depression, seeing little possibility for change and no way. Therefore, it show that our own lack of concern over what had happened make the matter of gangsterism getting worst until the victim of gangsterism are being abuse physically and emotionally. Society is no longer felt peace and harmony in the country which they had resided. Statistical figure The statistical figure was brought out by Tan Sri Muhyiddin Yassin during the Parliamentary session on June 9, 2010 portrays the number of students who involved with gangsterism. From the figure , it stated that the number of students nearly doubled since 2005. It begins with 32 cases recorded and the numbers reach its high peak on 2008 with the value of 81. Although, the number had slightly decreased to 60 cases in 2009 but the number still considered high compared to the earlier cases recorded in 2005. As for figure which provided by ACP Amar Singh Sidhu on his journal title Journal of the Kuala Lumpur Royal Malaysia Police College, No.4 on 2005, it reveal that majority of delinquents detained in the rehabilitation centre was from Indian races with the number of 316 people. On the other hand, both Malay and Chinese represent the similar number with 111 people for each race to be detained. Who should be blamed? Teenager nowadays lack of focus. We mean that they do not know where they are heading, whether in the academic or social sense. Therefore, this gives rise to several problems, mostly gangsterism happens among the teenagers who involved in sosial ills such as drug addicts, smoking, and gambling. These teenagers are not bothered about their studies and it is evident that they are involved in gangsterism. So, who should be blamed for gangsterism? Do we  have to put the blame on the parents, teachers or anyone else? We strongly believe that the one that should be blamed for gangsterism among teenagers is the individual himself or in the other word is we. We are the ones to be blamed for gangsterism because we are the ones who decide on how we want to live our life. We are responsible to manage ourselves. If we discipline ourselves towards the positive behavior, then we will behave well. We are the one to choose how we manage our life. In any decision or action that we made, we have to take full responsibilities of whatever the consequences that we will have to face due to the decision making. For example, if friends offer us a drug and if we have a firm standpoint, then we’ll kindly say no to the friend. Next, we think one of the factors that cause gangsterism among teenagers is the parents. Nowadays, parents are so busy and they focus more on earning more money. They are so busy with their job and rarely have time to be with their children at home. They become workaholic and they are not concerned about their children needs. They assume that providing their children with materialism is more than enough but the fact is their children actually need more attention from their parents. For instance, parents give money and provide cars for their children but the children feel lonely. So, they will do anything to fill in the emptiness they feel inside. They might be involved in gangsterism to overcome the loneliness they felt. Then, we personally think peer pressure is the one to be blamed for gangsterism among teenagers. The teenagers are easily influenced by their friends. When they mix with the wrong friends, they might be involved in crimes. As friends are among the closest people to the teenagers, they will eventually be influenced by their friends. For example, if their friends are a gangster, soon they’ll become one. This is because, their friends might attract them to try something new for them like gang fights. The teenagers are too young and they have a strong instinct of wanting to try something new. So, they will follow their friends. We strongly suggest that perhaps it is time that parents, teachers and  non-government body’s work together to direct and counsel our teenagers. Parents should play their role to educate their children and spend more time communicating with their teenage children. Teachers should try establishing a closer rapport with students. Everyone must work together to find the correct mechanism in order to overcome gangsterism among teenagers. Who should be responsible for the increase of this problem in the recent years? We are trying to find who are responsible for the increase of gangsterism cases in the recent years. Here, firstly parents are responsible due to their important role in teenagers’ life. The parents must play their role and provide their children with a good spiritual and moral background. Then, teenagers themselves should be responsible of what they have done in their life. Teenagers have their own brain, so they should be supposed to think carefully before they do something. Besides that, authorities also should be responsible because only they can make the strict enforcement and to punish the teenagers who involved themselves in gangsterism. Finally, the society is also responsible for the increase of this problem in the recent years because we live in a society so, if they do not play their role and cannot be aware of the problem occur in their resident and place, they should be responsible of this increasing of number of the gangsterism cases. The reasons of gangsterism cases among teenagers First of all, influences by the peer group can create gangsterism cases. As we all know, peer group plays an important role in moulding one’s characters because they will be able to lead their friends in doing something whether to do good things or bad things. In the fact of teenagers who usually have the urge to do something new, they will slightly done bad things without thinking of the effects of that action in their life. Challenges from their peer group will make them not to feel frightened anymore in doing bad things especially in school, while they are involved themselves in gangsterism. Peer group is the main reason of the gangsterism happened among teenagers because usually teenagers tend to share their problems with their friends rather than discussing it with their family. For them, only their friends will understand better their feelings so, whatever their friends do, they will follow it even though they realize it is a wrong action. Another reason  leads to gangsterism is the teenagers nowadays are always lack of parental love from their parents who are busy twenty-four hours to find money until they do not realize that their children are neglected by them. They also do not play their role as parents who are the people that are responsible to provide their children with a good spiritual and moral background. Besides that, the environment of the teenagers will also create gangsterism to be happened. Teenagers who have a good environment such as the conducive environment in their home will be able to keep a distance with this social problem, while teenagers who have bad environment will involved themselves in gangsterism easily because only this way, they will feel more released. Why I’m saying like this? Broken family background always creates a bad environment right? So, it is parents’ responsibilities to prevent their marriage problem become one of the main reasons why their children involved th emselves in gangsterism. Furthermore, the fourth reason why teenagers involved themselves in gangsterism is because mass media’s influences. Of course in the television, there are so many advertisements, films or dramas, even cartoons always publish for everyone. The violent action in those things will influence the teenagers to follow whatever action played by the author. Last but not least, the reason of gangsterism cases among teenagers might be also because there are no specific rules and strict enforcement from the authorities. The teenagers seem like do not have any feeling of frighten to do gangsterism because they know the rules and strict enforcement are not exist anymore to punish them when do something wrong especially in gangsterism cases. Cooperation by the society When you say ‘society’, what is comes to your mind? Of course society is a group of people who are close to you besides your family and relatives, right? Society also plays an important role in order to solve this crucial problem. As we discussed earlier, peer group, parents, school counselors, authorities and mass media are the people who have responsibility to solve this problem, but society also plays an important role too. The society has to work hand-in-hand to help government combat this problem. In order to do that, the development of positive values in the society through various programs that can be generating long-term benefits must be conducted. Programs like ‘gotong-royong’ and campaign like ‘Belia Benci Dadah’ will generate long term benefits to the teenagers in the sense of responsibility as a citizen and also a future leader for next generation. This will increase their spirit on developing themselves with good personality and try to prepare themselves with many types of knowledge. As a result, they will totally think that gangsterism will cause bad effects to their loving country and also their respective society. To conclude, if society plays their part in solving the gangsterism cases that happen in their society, the gangsterism cases will not occur anymore in their neighborhood. Mass media’s responsibility Mass media always influenced people. Do you all agree with me? Think about it. Especially kids and teenagers who have the urge to learn something new and want to try it, they always being trap with the film they just watched in the television. Influence by mass media should be taken into consideration. Mass media must know their limits in publishing something. They must be aware of whatever programs they want to publish have bad effects or not to the audience especially teenagers who usually like to imitate the violent action in the television. Mass media also can help to solve this gangsterism cases by publishing advertisements on bad effects of gangsterism activities among teenagers. As a result of this action, I’m sure teenagers will keep a far distance from gangsterism activities and they will totally not have any feelings to be involved themselves in that bad activities. They will choose to involve themselves in participating in such a good and beneficial activities like watching a debate or other programs that beneficial for their studies organized by the mass media. In short, we can conclude that mass media’s responsibility is important in order to solve this crucial problem among teenagers nowadays. Strict enforcement by the authorities Strict enforcement by the authorities also can solve this gangsterism problem among teenagers. Nowadays, teenagers seem not to have any feeling and are frightened of what they are going to do. So, if the authorities let them know that there are some strict enforcement will be taken towards the guilt of gangsterism cases, teenagers will think twice when they want to be  involved in gangsterism because they know if they are caught by the authorities, there will be punishment and strict enforcement waiting for them. In brief, only strict enforcement by the authorities will make the teenagers feel frightened be involved in gangsterism. Thus, authorities must play their role in solving this problem before it gets worse day by day Advice and guidance by the school’s counselors School counselors also play an important role to solve gangsterism problems among teenagers. As we know, teenagers spend their time almost half of their days in school, so that, if school counselors are playing their role as instructor, facilitator and also counselor to their students by giving and organizing some proper and suitable programs, their students will be more knowledgeable and have views on bad effects in doing gangsterism activities. They will be more aware that gangsterism will make them suffer and life as a student will become worse if they are punished to be expelled from school. In other words, only school counselors have a big role and carry the responsibility in creating a good personality in their students’ characteristics. The school counselors must keep in touch with their students who are involved themselves in disciplinary problems because most probably these students might bring themselves in gangsterism cases too. Besides that, the school counselors must try to find ways to avoid gangsterism activities to be happen in their school. To summarize, if the school counselors are always aware about their students’ activities, the number of teenagers involved in gangsterism will be decrease day by day and gangsterism cases can be solved by the advice and guidance by the school counselors. Parental love and responsibility given by the parents Do you all agree that parents play an important role in solving this problem? I want to convince all of you about the truth of this statement. I totally agree with this statement because of some reasons I had discovered .First and foremost, parents play a part in helping their children to choose the right friends. This is due to the fact that friends play the important role in moulding one’s characters especially among teenagers. A group of good friends can guide and lead the youth to a better future in their life. Thus, parents should always keep an eye on which their children’s friends are. It should be better if parents are close to their children too. Another reason is I agree that parents play an important role as it is because parents nowadays are too occupied with their jobs until they forget to think about their children’s needs and feeling. They tend to have no time to spend with their children. For them, finding money is an important thing. But to think it carefully, what is the use of your billions of money if your children are neglected and do not get parental love from you as their parents? Besides that, the third reason why parents play an important role to solve this problem is the family background. Broken family background always gives bad effects to the teenagers nowadays who involve themselves in gangsterism. They love to release their tension by being involved in gangsterism with their friends. They will feel more comfortable and release tension outside with their friends doing gangsterism rather than in the house by looking at their mother and father quarreling all the time because of marriage problems. Last but not least, the reasons I have discovered are parents play an important role to solve this problem, that is parents who are the people that are responsible to provide their children with a good spirit ual and moral background. In brief, with enough education of this two aspects, I’m sure this problem can be solved because their children will think twice if they want to involve themselves in gangsterism activities because they know by doing that, their parents will be ashamed to have children like them and their children know that gansterism will bring bad effects to them. I think it is enough of my evidences to convince you all that this problem can be solved if parents play their role in helping their children avoid being involved in the gangsterism. Conclusion Based on our research we had done, it can be conclude that there is a great necessity to give more attention towards cases that related with young delinquents who involve themselves in gangsterism. This problem had to be wisely handled to ensure that their future will not be ruined due to their involvement in gangsterism. Thus, parents, government, and society have to play their roles effectively in order to curb the spreading of gangsterism among school student. In addition, need to realize the consequence by each  action or behavior which taken by them. They have to aware that each behavior that deviant and forbidden to the law will cause them to be punished. Therefore, government need to strict and regulate the available law, so teenager will be afraid to involve with gangsterism. As for parents, they need to give full attention to their children and guide them to the right path before things getting worst and difficult to handle. Society also is one of the important elements to curb this matter. By providing information to the police, they automatically help the enforcer task to deal with gangsterism. With the cooperation from each member in the country, there is a high possibility that this social illness will finally found its remedy.

Ongoing Corporate Human Resource Management Practice

Abstract – Strategic HR practice is always a challenge for any organization to provide a set of service that is able to make the sense in terms of implementing the organization’s strategic plan. Because without proper evaluation of the term, a company may not find out the challenges and the probable scopes of improvement. In today’s business world we cannot avoid the contribution of strategic practice especially in the service sectors like fast growing banking sector. The banking service in the world is growing day by day.Bangladesh, albeit a developing country, is no exception from it. In the recent period of time Human Resource Management (HRM) practices became so familiar and momentous in every business sector of Bangladesh. The success of every organization is coming through the performance of the employees of that organization. The effectiveness of the employee performance is largely depends upon the HR policy and practices. Therefore, the management should consider the magnitude of strategic HRM practices. Keywords : HR practice, Banking sector in Bangladesh.GJMBR Classification : JEL Code: O15 Ongoing Corporate Human Resource Management Practice in Banking sector of Bangladesh Strictly as per the compliance and regulations of:  © 2012 . Sadia Afroj. This is a research/review paper, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons AttributionNoncommercial 3. 0 Unported License http://creativecommons. org/licenses/by-nc/3. 0/), permitting all non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.Ongoing Corporate Human Resource Management Practice in Banking sector of Bangladesh organization to provide a set of service that is able to make the sense in terms of implementing the organization’s strategic plan. Because without proper evaluation of the term, a company may not find out the challenges and the probable scopes of improvement. In today’s business world we cannot avoid the contribution of strategic practice especially in the service sectors like fast growing banking sector. The banking service in the world is growing day by day. Bangladesh, albeit a developing country, is no exception from it.In the recent period of time Human Resource Management (HRM) practices became so familiar and momentous in every business sector of Bangladesh. The success of every organization is coming through the performance of the employees of that organization. The effectiveness of the employee performance is largely depends upon the HR policy and practices. Therefore, the management should consider the magnitude of strategic HRM practices. The strategic plan for HR system will give a broad guideline within which the management can make decisions about their human resource.In designing the company’s HR system the HR manager need to understand the nature of the company’s business, their position in the market, moreover the objective and goal so that she or he can design a plan that will perfectly suits to achieve the strategic goal. This study has attempted to have knowledge about strategic HRM practices in the business sector of Bangladesh like the banking sector because it plays a pivotal role to the economic growth of the country Abstract – Strategic HR practice is always a challenge for any Keyword : HR practice, Banking sector in Bangladesh. B I.Introduction anking is a powerful medium of socio economic changes in developing countries like Bangladesh. A well organized banking system can play a vital role in the development of the country. Human Resource Management is a distinctive approach to employment management which seeks to achieve competitive advantage through the strategic deployment of a highly committed and capable workforce, using an integrated array of cultural, structural and personnel techniques. Extensive training and culture management programs, individualized reward management systems, as we ll as a range of employee nvolvement mechanisms, operate towards achieving enhanced employees’ contribution. It is a whole range of notions on management theory, style and practice. In maintaining About : Business Administration Discipline, Khulna University, Khulna, Bangladesh. E-mail: [email  protected] com II. The current trend of HR practice in different banks of Bangladesh In Bangladesh most of the human resource related decisions are mainly taken by the central management. In different branches these decisions are just implemented. In different private banks of the  © 2012 Global Journals Inc. (US)Global Journal of Management and Business Research and implementing balance between the employees' aspirations and the goals of the bank, the bank must generate the highly effective and efficient Human Resource Management. For the Human Resources Management to contribute to the profitability, quality, and other organizational goals of the bank, it should be 105 able to clo sely integrate careful planning and decisionmaking. To be able to do this, it must perform various activities such as recruitment, compensation or giving rewards, training or career development, performance appraisal, and health and safety developments.For control and implementation effective strategic planning is required for each sector of banking as it is mere or less service oriented business unit. It is included into the direct management task. In banking these strategic practice includes evaluating the bank’s (business) internal and external situation, properly define the business and developing a mission, translating the mission into the strategic goal as organization’s goal and crafting a final strategy or course of action.Besides practicing HR in different units it is also a mammoth task for the banks to face the central and outer challenges. In different way the HR department sales, finance and manufacture the strategic over time to achieve its ultimate objec tives. Monitoring as well as changing the strategy also permits the business to cope up with the current demand. As the unit needs to improve the quality of its different service. Then the HR strategy might be to boost up employee quality consciousness through improved screening and necessary training.In formulating and implementing the HR strategy the business needs to follow the global trend and need to continually improve organizational performance. But HR department also should be careful enough to designing its strategic planning not just to execute. So when planning it the strategic manager must realize where they are now and where needs to go. Volume XII Issue II Version I F ebruary 2012 Sadia Afroj Ongoing Corporate Human Resource Management Practice in Banking sector of Bangladesh Global Journal of Management and Business Research country it just follows the instruction come from the higher authority.All the banks have their Corporate Head office in Dhaka and most of the st rategic decisions are taken from there. For the better understanding of corporate business, continue long term relationship, ensure the desirable growth and fulfill the organizational goal. Strategic HR follows the basic trends in different private banks in Bangladesh as just maintaining the instruction of central authority. In different banks most of the employees agreed with this point that they are satisfies in the nature and trend on practicing strategic HR in different banks.As it is mentioned that most of the decisions are taken in corporate level, but at the time of appointment, that means on the eve of joining in the bank they are introduced with the legislation and different terms & 106 conditions of the organization. As a result each and every employee gets a clear view about the ins and outs of their individual course of action. It also discloses the over all picture of the organization-its previous-currentfuture. As it provides an overall idea of presence of HR in the ba nks it covers almost all the areas. The current HR Strategic practice covers all over the areas like ?Recruitment and firing maintains the correct process or not. ? In case of selection how the employees are treated. ? How they are oriented in new working environment. ? The effectiveness of different benefit and incentive packages. ? Whether the bank properly follow the promotion strategy. ? How effectively the employees handle different complains of the clients. ? Maintenance of different laws, safety act etc. F ebruary 2012 Depending upon the above factors the employees of different banks differs. The banks at the time of appointing new employees normally check their HRIS.As most of the bank always main updated Human Resource Information system, it is so easy for them to find out the empty position, where new employees are required. So there a little bit chance that there is lack of employees in different banks. The vacant situation raises mainly when ? Any employees leave or fire d without notice. ? Increase absenteeism because of illness. ? New branches are opened But the above factors don’t have any long-term effect on the performance of a particular branch. Computer based information system and new recruitment immediately remove this short term problem.The corporate branch through effective job analysis mainly handles it. In different banks the employees thought that effective information system as well as prompt decision making deprived the problems which may arrive in employee’s shortage situation. In case of treatment in Bangladeshi banking sector inside job how the management handles their grievances. Whether there remain any unequal treatment among the employees having same quality and competencies. Human Resource division can ensure its smooth and accurate working environment if it can ensure that the employees will provide their label best effort.The employees can follow this way if they are ensured that they have enough mechanism in their hand to protest any kind of unfair practice within the organization as well as in such situation and the management will follow the act properly. The management is able to create enough interest among the employees within the organizational framework of its primary obligation to senior management or immediate higher authority For personnel recruitment and selection these banks follows some standard most of the cases.The practiced format for selection and recruitment is –  ¦ The corporate decide what positions will have to fill and how to fill the immediate as well as future requirements. This total procedure is designed to cover all positions from bottom to top level. As it is an integral part of the bank’s strategic HR and planning process through succession planning the higher authority implement it. The corporate HR department also decides the expansion process of their employment requirement. It detailed how to hire, screen the employees and where to put th em.  ¦ The common process of forecasting the personnel need is analyzing trends.The past data and present requirements construct the idea about the trend of employee requirement.  ¦ The higher authority study variations in the bank’s employment level in last few years. Inauguration of Volume XII Issue II Version I As when over all HR situation is evaluated on the basis of the ongoing trend, the employees mainly tried to adjust their own expectation and nature of handling different situation.. To ensure the smooth working environment it is essential for any organization to hire enough employees according to the necessities of each different branch.The employee’s requirements and posting differ because of the following aspects;  ¦  ¦  ¦ If the bank covers so many financial products then it needs more employees The necessities of employees differ on working procedure- automation or manual working process When there remain two or more branches close to each other , normally less employees is required as they have to handle comparatively lesser employees in that case Higher population creates pressure of fast service as well as larger number of employees. Because they need to handle larger customer group.  © 2012 Global Journals Inc. (US) Ongoing Corporate Human Resource Management Practice in Banking sector of Bangladesh  ¦ new branches and service variations in different banks are the two main key indicators of establishing the trend of personnel requirement. By using the computer based information systemHRIS helps estimate current and future employees requirement. This information system also figures the average employee demand the transferring from one branch to another the demand is fulfilled some times.Normally internal recruitment/selection follows the above strategies. Most of the cases this strategy is taken for the key positions of the bank. Whether any employee is newly recruited or transferred from one place to another, they n eed to adapt the working environment. Otherwise they may not give their best for the organization. For the adaptation in the new work responsibilities or working place, the employees may get help from the organizational policy. On the job training is a very effective mechanism for the proper orientation of new employees.Form the collected data on various employees, we found that they are introduced to their new job by maintaining the organizational policy. Most of the employees especially who just introduced in the job, get a fresh and effective orientation from their organization as well as from the branch. Those who enter into the job as Management Trainee or Probationary officer always get 1-3 years probationary period with training to adapt and learn much about their job responsibilities and organizational rule. Training is a hallmark of good management, and a task manager ignore at their peril.Having high potential employees does not guarantee they will succeed. Instead, they m ust know what the management want them to do and how to do that. If they don’t know, they will do the job in their own way, not according to the management’s preference. Therefore, effective training is essential for the improvement of both the employee and the organization. Employee motivation is one of the most important aspects of organizational behavior. The productivity and the performance of the employees largely depend on motivation.Motivation is the force that makes one do things: this is a result of one’s individual needs being satisfied (or met) so that s/he has inspiration to complete the task. These needs vary from person to person as everybody has their individual needs to motivate themselves. Depending on how motivated people are, it may further determine the effort they put into their work and therefore increase the standard of the output. There are various health and safety laws existing in Bangladesh. But these are mainly applicable for the indu stries where hazardous equipments are used. But in banks there is no hazardous equipment orThe EEOC will take action if the below two situation arise †¢ To fail or refuse to hire or to discharge an individuals or discriminate against any individual with respect to his or her compensation ,terms , condition or privilege of employment , because of such individuals race, color , religion, gender or national origin. †¢ To limit ,segregate or classify his or her employees or applicant for employment in any way that would deprived or tend to deprive any individual of employment opportunity or adversely affect his or her status as an employee race, color , religion, gender or national origin.In Bangladesh it is found that most of the employees are satisfied with the prevailing strategic process and procedure of the bank. They feel that the HR department is playing a vital play in employee advocacy role. They also believe that the recruitment and selection policy is fair enough to choose the competent employees for the organization. The orientation process and training facility excising in the organization is proper for achieving the strategic goals of the banks. The pay package and benefit package is  © 2012 Global Journals Inc. (US) Global Journal of Management and Business Research nstrument is used. So there are fewer requirements for marinating rigorous health and safety measure. However, banks are prepared for any fire related accident and mere illness of the employees. They keep fire extinguishers in their office and first aid facilities is also available The most prominent HR manager can take to ensure their strategic contribution to develop measurement system. To increase the moral of employees, the HR manager first knows the importance of particular work and importance of employee’s hundred percentage contribution to the work.On the basis of the judgment HR manger first identify the task of the specific employee’s task, according to the job pattern train up the employee, provide all the equipment to perform the task and try to develop ethics to the employee and lastly give motivation to perform the work 107 properly. Every employee gives a vast knowledge how they create value for the organization through their work and help to achieve the organizational goal. When the employees know that how much important to perform the work properly, automatically it help to increase the moral of employees.Equal Employment Opportunity means employer cannot discriminate on the basis of race color religion gender or national origin with respect to employment. There are EEOC (Equal Employment Opportunity Commission) authorities who monitor the discrimination complain. They make the judgment through the law of the country. Volume XII Issue II Version I F ebruary 2012 Ongoing Corporate Human Resource Management Practice in Banking sector of Bangladesh F ebruary 2012 also at a satisfactory level.To fulfill the strategic objective and goals, the working environment and employee treatment should be well defined and it must have to be implemented properly. But in case of placing right people in the right place, the opinion varies among the employees. Some of them think that they are not placed in the exact position for what they are appropriate for. In some of the cases like employment rule, equal employment situation a considerable portion of the bankers are not sure about then policy practiced.HRIS is needed to improve the productivity and performance of the human resource department, but in all of the beaches HRIS is not practiced in detail. III. Conclusion 108 HRM practices are crucial for every organization for the proper management for all activities in an organization. As the activities are done through the human asset of the organization, therefore the management should be very much cautious to formulate and implement the HR policy for their organization that could satisfy and inspire the employee to me et the organizational goal.It has been disclosed that the present practices of strategic HRM are in satisfactory level with some little variation. Therefore, the management should continue their present practice and take initiative to resolve this problem. This industry is growing rapidly and to sustain this growth, effective and timely policy should be taken. Volume XII Issue II Version I Global Journal of Management and Business Research References References Referencias 1. Terrey, G R and Franklin, S G (1996).Principles of Management (8th ed. ), Delhi: A. I. T. B. S. Publishers and Distributors. 2. Stone, R. J. , 2002. Human Resource Management, 4th (Edn. ). Jhon Wiley and Sons, Australia, pp: 4 3. Byars, L. L. and L. W. Rue, 2000 Human Resource Management. 6th (Edn. ). McGraw-Hill, Boston, pp: 3. 4. Wright, P. M. , G. C. McMahan and A. McWilliams, 1994. Human Resources and sustained competitive advantage: A resource based perspective. Intl. J. Human Resource Management, Vol:5, p p: 301-26. 5. Mc Namara, C. P. 1999. Making human capital productive, Business and Economic Review, Vol: 46, pp: 10-17. 6. Pfeffer, J. , 1998. The Human Equation, Harvard Business School Press, Boston, Massachusetts. pp: 111-12. 7. Giordano, A. G. , 19871. Concise Dictionary of Business Terminology. Pentice-Hall, NJ. , p:18 8. Gubman, E. L. , 1995. Aligning people strategies with customer value. Compensation and Benefit Review, p:22  © 2012 Global Journals Inc. (US) Global Journals Inc. (US) Guidelines Handbook 2012 www. GlobalJournals. org

Digging and Early Purges Essay Example

Digging and Early Purges Essay Example Digging and Early Purges Paper Digging and Early Purges Paper Essay Topic: Poetry Seamus Heaney Poems For the Diverse Cultures assignment, I have studied pieces by Seamus Heaney. These include Digging and Early Purges. All the poems relate back to his young life in Limavady in the County of Derry, Northern Ireland. When Heaney was young, he wanted to follow in his fathers and grandfathers footsteps of being farmers. Not just that, but being the eldest child in his family, he was expected to. Instead however, he turned his back on his familys great tradition, and decided to become a writer instead. As said, Heaney did want to become a farmer, this was expressed in the poem Follower, where he describes the way his father used to plough fields. The title itself shows there was once an ambition to follow. Furthermore, the pride that Heaney expresses in his familys age-old tradition is articulated in the poem Digging: By God, the old man could handle a spade. Just like his old man. He goes on to describe that his grandfather was the finest turf-cutter on Toners bog. His chosen option not to follow rural convention created an entirely diverse world for Heaney. The fact that he went to a boarding school in a city (St. Columbs college) would be enough of a culture shock. There were no kittens being drowned, as described in Early Purges, here. That type of thing was seen as inhumane, but to him, a simple farmers son, it was seen as necessary. That was the type of differentiation he experienced. As I stated earlier, Heaneys poems all relate back to his younger, adolescent life. In the poem Early purges, he describes young kittens being drown on the farm, which was, and still is, quite commonplace in some rural areas of Ireland. Many see this as barbaric, but coming from an Irish, farming family myself, I can understand their reasons for doing this, which Heaney also later realised. His maturity is shown when he says using hindsight And now, when shrill pups are prodded to drown, I just shrug, Bloody pups . That poem was very sad, and I get a feeling of sadness from all his poems at some point. For instance, even in a seemingly happy poem, Blackberry picking, a poem recalling the habitual picking of ripened and inked up berries, the element of the (inevitable, with Heaney) sadness comes where the somewhat foolish children forget about the berries and leave them to rot in the byre, something which happened every year. There is no clearer depiction of an Irish, Catholic background than that found in Half-term break, where Heaney is taken from boarding school to find out his four-year-old brother is dead. The traditional wake is described in this poem, something that is uniquely Irish. He says old men standing up to shake my hand and tell me they were sorry for my trouble'. I have a perfect picture of this in my head as I have been to a few wakes. I can even imagine the whispers circling the room in the colloquial, sharp, Derry accent. After reading through his poems that relate to farming, I get the feeling that he regretted not following the tradition which so many families in the area of rural Northern Ireland had. Although I cannot substantiate this statement with any apparent evidence I think he felt somewhat disloyal to his roots and to his father. The poem Digging, Heaney takes time to intricately describe the way his father digging and cutting turf. The language that Heaney uses is extremely simple and colloquial. The majority of words are only one or two syllable and this makes the writing very accessible and uncomplicated. This is much the same as other pieces by Heaney. This sharp language is typical of the local tongue of Northern Ireland and Derry in particular. Having been to the region several times I cannot only imagine Heaneys style of speaking, but I can picture a farmer Nicking and slicing on the local bog. As said, Heaney tries to carefully convey the picture and the skill of his father. He uses onomatopoeias to appeal to our auditory senses. He also carefully describes his fathers and his grandfathers methods with great knowledge of what they were doing, thus showing his familys tradition being passed down. The first and final sentences are basically the same, with the repetition of Between my finger and my thumb the squat pen rests, snug as a gun. Heaney then ends with Ill dig with it. I think this means he will make his life out in a different way to his father, instead of using a spade; he will use a pen to make his way. In the poem The Early Purges, Seamus Heaney tries to describe the habitual drowning of small kittens. Again, he tries to use sensory language to appeal more and give the reader a better personal depiction of events. For instance, when describing the kittens, just after their death he quite vividly says, Like wet gloves they bobbed and shone tell he sluiced them out on the dunghill, glossy and dead. He goes onto say watching the three sogged remains turn mealy and crisp as old summer dung. This is very graphic writing, and some could say, quite disturbing. I personally think it adds to the atmosphere of the poem. I think that the up until the final two verses, Heaneys outlook is that of a young boy, who doesnt understand why something so cruel should happen. Heaney then shows his maturity by showing his understanding that the kittens, or pests as they and other such animals were collectively known, basically had to be removed. The language used by Heaney also expresses the fact that little was thought of these so-called nuisances. He says they are slung and Dan Taggart describes them as scraggy wee shits. This shows the way people who owned farms perceived the killings, which was a stark contrast to those in urban communities. Blackberry picking is a poem about Heaney blackberry picking in the late August summer. Once again, Heaney vividly describes what happens, appealing to our senses. He talks about berries inking up and describes the different colours and there texture. The overall look of the poem is he and his accomplices hunting their treasure. He makes references to the famous, murderous pirate, Bluebeard, who killed his wives and had his hands covered in their blood. Our hands were peppered with thorn pricks, our palms sticky as Bluebeards. The poem shows the innocence of childhood, where the centre of attention and prized possessions change so quickly. This is echoed by the fact that after so much anticipation and eagerness to find the berries, they simply forget about them and leave them to go stale, much to Heaneys disappointment when he remembers about them and finds that they have started to rot and smell. Heaney did this for many years in a row as the final sentence says, I always felt like crying. It wasnt fair that all the lovely canfuls smelt of rot. Each year I hoped theyd keep, knew they would not. The final poem, which I am going to analyse, is called Mid-term break which is a sad poem about the death of Seamus Heaneys brother. I find that Heaney reveals very little about his brother (there is no mention of a name), the way he died (there is only a vague mention of a bumper, which might connote he was hit by a car) and his own, private emotions and how hard the death of his brother hit him. I get the Heaney is locking this up deep inside him in this poem. The Irish wake is a big part of this poem and it shows how people react to a death, especially that of someone in their immediate family. For instance Heaney saw a no doubt different side to his father, In the porch I met my father crying he had always taken funerals in his stride. The language used in this poem is quite descriptive, although not as much as the previous poems I covered. Heaney, however, vividly describes the room in which his brother is in, Snowdrops and candles soothed the bedside. He goes on to say, I saw him for the first time in six weeks. Paler now wearing a poppy bruise. I think the poppy reference is to do with the fact that it relates to death, along with the earlier line Counting bells knelling classes to a close, where knell relates to death. As with most of Heaneys poems, the final sentence leaves its mark and stands out more than other lines, No gaudy scars, the bumper knocked him clear. A four-foot box, a foot for every year. This is the only line that rhymes in the entire poem, which I think, brings more emphasis to it.

Free Essays on Roaring 20

Free Essays on Roaring 20\'s Americans, in the years following the end of World War I found themselves in an era called â€Å"The Roaring Twenties.† Americans in â€Å"The Roaring Twenties† found themselves in an era, where the people simply wished to detach themselves from the troubles of Europeans and the rest of the world. During the 1020’s the economy proved prosperous for the middle and upper class, crime lords and businesses; however, it was not a prosperous period for minorities and farmers. The Eighteenth Amendment (1919), which banned the manufacturing, sale of or transportation of liquor, caused breweries and saloons a great demise; however, it reaped profit for bootleggers. This also meant a rise in organized crime. Events such as the â€Å"Saint Valentines Massacre† took place. Callous criminals such as Capone, was worth an estimated 60 million dollars. Although Capone was indeed a criminal, he shared his wealth with charities, and provided the public with goods and services that they wanted. . (Tindall, et al., 434) Middle- Class Americans were moving into a period of economic prosperity. Even industrial workers whose strikes for higher pay had availed them little in the previous decades benefited. When the American people saw that the economy was flourishing, they felt that they were on a pedestal, protected from the river of uncertainty, economic depression and the failure of the â€Å"American Dream.† Many Americans found a way to improve their lifestyle. Whether it had been through hard work, or luck in the stock market. Since the economy was in such good shape, many Americans could afford to purchase items they could not have purchased in the past. Items such as camera’s, appliances, and radios were now affordable not only to the rich, but to the middle-class as well. (Tindall, et al., 446) Low-income families could afford to buy an inexpensive Model T, which Henry Ford developed in 1908. The number of passenger cars in the...

Analysis of Dubai’s Economy

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The Impact of Technological Advancement in the Marketing and Sales Essay

The Impact of Technological Advancement in the Marketing and Sales Strategies of Senior Citizen Home Safety Association (NGO) - Essay Example SCHSA began operating to provide services for the elderly. The tremendous growth of technological advancement has become the driving force of the market nowadays. Due to the idea of completing the services for the elders, the organization also promote the kind of service marketing that can boost their competency and credibility in the market. The paper will discuss about the innovation is an important aspect of business and will affect the marketing and sales strategies of SCHSA. It will go through assessing the recent product/device that SCHSA promoted which is the MobileLink service. Furthermore, the discussion will be also focus on the functionality of the technology and if it’s capable in meeting the organization’s objectives. IT Solution in Literature: In today’s modern world, both information technology and society are co-evolving (Hearst and Grudin, 1999). From the last decade, there has been increasing trend towards adopting technology for social interact ion in the society (Hearst and Grudin, 1999). It has been suggested that with the increased rate of IT adoption, it is imperative to understand how technology can be made sophisticated for our social interaction (Hearst and Grudin, 1999). ... The influence of the technological advancements seems to be part of the modern organization. The adoption of appropriate IT solutions impacts ability of an organization to achieve goals. the available literature argues that the development of information systems communication technologies (ICT) will impact the health care (Pegesy et al. 2002) In the modern-day organization, the core competencies do not only lie on the mission or vision and even the application of the organizational strategies. The technological advancement or for such the information technology solution has being part of the organization’s core competencies. Therefore, the IT solution that can be consider as part of the organization’s strategic management consists of the set of skills, experiences, and abilities that may represent the organization’s vision and mission. It has been argued by porter that the capabilities of the technologies might be part of the collective learning which are unique so this at it difficult for competitors to adopt. Senior Citizen Home Safety Association (SCHSA) is a non-profit NGO (non-governmental organization) in Hong Kong (http://www.schsa.org.hk/index_eng.html). SCHSA began operating to provide services for the elderly. The tremendous growth of technological advancement has become the driving force of the market nowadays. The NGO service delivery is provision of care (emotional care, mantle health care) to elderly. As a part of Citizen Home Safety Association’s strategy, the objectives that the NGO strives to achieve include care for aged above 60. The care they prove is broad in the sense that the NGO is continuously working for providing support on emotions, mental wellbeing and

Agree or Disagree with ISLAM Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Agree or Disagree with ISLAM - Research Paper Example This paper will examine closely one of them, namely Islam, examining its main beliefs and practices as well as present the opinion of the author about this religion. One should point out that there is a peculiar concept of Five Pillars of Islam: a set of principles and practices that define the identity of a Muslim. Thus, the first pillar which will be explored is called Shahada. To put it simple, this is a concise message that all true believers repeat, acknowledging their faith in one God and his only messenger Muhammad (Cornell 9). One would make no mistake pointing out that this has become one of the most famous phrases that are used to recognize Islam. The latter is a monotheistic religion so proclamation that God is one is the key thesis of it. In addition to that shahada also argues that there is no other source of wisdom that the one which was presented by Muhammad, namely the Quran. The next pillar which is essential for the understanding of the religion is question is called salat. Originally, this word means prayer or more closely – the practice of praying. Indeed, the Muslims are known to pray much more than the representatives of the other religions, five times a day. There are five prayers which true believers of Islam should perform: the one at daybreak, noon, midafternoon, sunset and in the evening. As one can easily see, they are separated among the day at almost equal intervals so that people are able to pray and to achieve their personal goals as well. In addition to that it allows a person to concentrate one’s mind on the devotion to God. The third pillar which is able to contribute to a correct understanding of Islam as a system is called zakat. As some of the researchers put it, â€Å"zakat is a good demonstration of Islam’s commitment to social justice† (Rane 23). Indeed, this pillar stands for a certain amount of money that all the Muslims are required to pay so that the money will be directed to the

Goose Island Company (Brief discriotion of the organization) Essay

Goose Island Company (Brief discriotion of the organization) - Essay Example Its products are sold across the United States and in the United Kingdom. The company has been expanding with time owing to the rising market trends as it continues to venture into new markets. Goose Island company operates in the alcoholic beverage manufacturing industry and has managed to acquire a fair share of the market. This industry includes products like ale, beer, distilled spirits and wine. There are major players in this industry like the Anheuser-Busch Companies, Inc, Boulevard Brewing Co. and Harpoon Breweries. They have loyal clients and have been in the industry for a long period of time. Competing against them is therefore not easy as they have a wider capital base that they utilize when it comes to product promotion and strategic planning (Fogarty 34). However, Goose Island company is trying its best to build its customer base in order to compete with such big market players. When the company was partly sold to the Widmer Brothers Brewery in 2006, there was public outcry that the taste of the beer was going to be interfered with. The loyal clients were very furious with the management, as they did not want any form of alteration in the taste of the beer. T he reason why they opted for external financiers from Belgium was that the local financiers wanted to gain full control of the company but the management was not for this. This is why they had to settle for Widmer Brothers Brewery for additional capital (Xin and Buccola 45). All the manufacturing is done in Chicago even after the part acquisition of the firm. The management and key decision-making personnel are all based in Illinois; Chicago just like it was before. Their philosophy is grounded on building their brands and increasing the sales volume. The company has over 120 employees based in Chicago that are highly motivated and focused in achieving the organizational objectives. Currently the organization is growing and is even expanding to new areas, conquering new

Agree or Disagree with ISLAM Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Agree or Disagree with ISLAM - Research Paper Example This paper will examine closely one of them, namely Islam, examining its main beliefs and practices as well as present the opinion of the author about this religion. One should point out that there is a peculiar concept of Five Pillars of Islam: a set of principles and practices that define the identity of a Muslim. Thus, the first pillar which will be explored is called Shahada. To put it simple, this is a concise message that all true believers repeat, acknowledging their faith in one God and his only messenger Muhammad (Cornell 9). One would make no mistake pointing out that this has become one of the most famous phrases that are used to recognize Islam. The latter is a monotheistic religion so proclamation that God is one is the key thesis of it. In addition to that shahada also argues that there is no other source of wisdom that the one which was presented by Muhammad, namely the Quran. The next pillar which is essential for the understanding of the religion is question is called salat. Originally, this word means prayer or more closely – the practice of praying. Indeed, the Muslims are known to pray much more than the representatives of the other religions, five times a day. There are five prayers which true believers of Islam should perform: the one at daybreak, noon, midafternoon, sunset and in the evening. As one can easily see, they are separated among the day at almost equal intervals so that people are able to pray and to achieve their personal goals as well. In addition to that it allows a person to concentrate one’s mind on the devotion to God. The third pillar which is able to contribute to a correct understanding of Islam as a system is called zakat. As some of the researchers put it, â€Å"zakat is a good demonstration of Islam’s commitment to social justice† (Rane 23). Indeed, this pillar stands for a certain amount of money that all the Muslims are required to pay so that the money will be directed to the

Internship Experience for an ESL Teacher Essay Example for Free

Internship Experience for an ESL Teacher Essay As a foreign student with a degree in Informatics and Library and currently pursuing a master’s degree at the University of Pennsylvania in Adult and Community Education Program, I have a vision of teaching English as a second language in Saudi Arabia. To this effect, I have been on an internship project at the Communications Media department at the same university between January and March this year. The main purpose for the internship was to give me an exposure to the kind of environment I will find myself working in as an ESL teacher. ESL is a course that is offered to people who wish to learn English as a second language. Thesis Statement For my internship, I was attached at the Communication Department at the University of Pennsylvania where my duties included but were but not limited to coordinating activities between students taking English as a Second Language (ESL) and conversation partners at the American Language Institute. Also in the line of my duty was the task of overseeing how the two groups have been progressing together. The internship was time well spent and it played a very important role in familiarising me with the classroom set up at an ESL teaching centre. I also had the opportunity to learn much about the job and what it entails as well as the kind of challenges that I may encounter in the course of my career. Taking my internship course at University of Pennsylvania was the most convenient choice that I made. The communications Media Department where I was attached is right on the campus and I was therefore able to operate from my residence without any hustles of commuting from one place to another. It was also convenient in that I was able to coordinate between my classes at the Adult Community Program centre and the training on the internship. The convenience made life a little more comfortable for me because of reduced costs of transport. The internship kept me in good relations with the law because being in one place helped me avoid any instances of breaking immigration rules set for foreign students. The convenience of having all my activities centralised on Campus has played well in helping me to develop my social skills. This is because it has been easy to have extra interaction with some of the students when the opportunity allowed and as a teacher, this was very helpful in that I could closely get to know more about the challenges that ESL students face in their social life as foreign students. Since we were all from different social backgrounds, the interaction helped to improve my social relations with others considering the diversity of culture represented in the ESL class. A close bond between teacher and student is very important as it helps students to learn better and also helps the teacher to improve their skills. Knowing students a little bit more beyond the classroom set up is very important for teacher-student relations. Interaction with the volunteers from the American Language Institute helped me learn more about American society. With these two groups, I was able to share my challenges as a foreign student in America and also listen to theirs and suggest possible solutions. This helped learning easier and more interesting for the students. The sole purpose of learning an extra language is to aid the learner in communicating easily through the desired language. Despite the fact that I speak the English language, the experience I got from the internship greatly helped to improve my skills in conversing with others. The interaction I had with the students as well as the volunteers in the ESL learning programme exposed me to those who were learning and others who were there to assist in learning. It was a learning experience for me as I was able to improve on my fluency and using correct grammar when conversing in the English language. By identifying the students’ challenges in learning to converse in English, I was able to polish my own language especially in using of proper tenses, right statements and remarks. The ESL program brings together people from different cultural backgrounds. Students come here with the aim of learning English that will help them to adapt to their new environment and they are helped through this process by communication partners. Through interaction with this group at the ESL program, I got exposed to a diversity of cultures and it was interesting to get to learn about different cultures and practises of the world. It is interesting to note how the world can meet in such a small set up as a classroom. This knowledge is very important for me in my pursuit of a career in ESL teaching as it will help me adopt to any new culture that I may be exposed to. Objectives were set to enable me achieve the goals of the internship. They were supposed to guide me in carrying out activities that internship period. This would enable me acquire knowledge and skills that are required for one to become an effective ESL student’s teacher. The experience would give me an opportunity to give my suggestions and ideas in order to improve students teaching techniques and materials. In this essay, there will be a reflection on the meaning of the internship experience for my intellectual development and career planning. The internship experience was necessary in equipping me with new learning. It would offer me knowledge and skills required in future teaching work with the language students. Suggestions and ideas that can improve teaching techniques and materials for the students would contribute in achieving my new learning objective. Engaging volunteers achieved this in sessions on curriculum and teaching methods, recommending improvements in class handling discussing organizational concerns with volunteers, drafting lesson plans and evaluating them and discussing educational techniques with volunteers. My objective to teach volunteers on how to interact with English was achieved by carrying out the following activities; directing English lessons in the classroom, engaging the volunteers on curriculum and teaching methods, evaluating their performances and recommending necessary changes in class. The assignments that were offered to the students is a sure evidence that this objective was attained. Creating organizational system to allow educators to organize volunteer schedules and paper work effectively was enhanced by meeting and discussing organizational concerns with the volunteers, organizing schedules to avoid confusion, handling volunteer and class paper work and documentation as well as getting program feedback from the student Creating lesson plans for the volunteer teachers was achieved by; drafting lesson plans for teaching, adapting the teachers according to the class needs, discussing the quality of lesson plans and suggesting their changes, incorporating volunteer opinions in final lesson plans and finally implementing the lesson plan. I managed to work with the students and volunteers of presentation materials, decided upon educational techniques and ensured students follow guidelines in presentation. This assisted me in acquiring skills in creating presentation materials. As a teacher, I accommodated a certain number of students when my time allowed, graded and encouraged students and understanding the students’ need. The current challenges and problems in the classroom were discussed with fellow teachers. This in turn, ensured the students were taught as require by the instruction formal program. Additionally, experience at the ESL classes helped me to learn about other methods used in communicating apart from mouth language. These other methods are important in that as a teacher, knowledge of different methods of communication helps one to assess whether you are communicating fully or as desired by the students. Such methods include but are not limited to using parts of the body to express ourselves or gesturing and also the use of facial expressions. It was interesting to learn that a lot of communication can take place through non-verbal methods. At the end of the internship, I had developed a lot of confidence in conversing with students, being able to interact freely and easily with them as well as understanding diverse cultures and the styles they used to converse non-verbally in the different cultures. My internship was even more helpful as a master’s student in the Adult Education and Community programme. There was much more to learn from the experience at the ESL classes than I had earlier imagined. Interacting with students and volunteers from different cultures of the world helped me to grow as a person as well as to acquire intellectual improvement. I got exposed to diversity of cultures at very close range, something I had not encountered before and after such an experience, it becomes easy to be able to teach English anywhere in the world. This is because of the ability that I have gained to assess student issues anywhere. The ESL students mostly constitute of foreigners who wish to learn English so that they can be able to adapt to their new environments. Such students obviously encounter several challenges in the process of their resettlement and my experience with them enlightened me on ways in which I can be able to evaluate and understand their problems and the approach I can take in helping them to settle such problems. The ESL classes also constitute of people of different ages and as a future adult teacher, the internship has offered me great help in best ways of handling adults at different age categories. It is now easy to identify with their emotions and to know how well to help them cope with learning. Through this experience, I have realised that my own problems as a foreign student were not unique and that I have a lot to share in common with other foreigners that I shall encounter in the course of my career. I now have a burden to offer as much help as I can to make learning comfortable for foreigners. It made me feel even luckier that I could speak the language myself and made me realise that it was easier for me to adapt to my environment than those that cannot speak the language. Internship enriched me with methods of teaching that can be highly effective such as creating the right atmosphere for free teacher and student interaction and getting the students to give feedback on the way that they are fairing in their learning process. I learnt the essentiality of making the environment conducive for the students as it makes learning easier for them. Students can only learn successfully if several of these factors are pooled together. The internship was a good ground to put into practice what I had learnt from my course work.. Getting the chance to utilise my knowledge created a feeling of confidence in me as well as helped me to rectify and improve on areas that appeared weak. It is now possible for me to be able to come up with new ideas that can be applied in the ESL teaching program. This internship has surely given me the right exposure for my future career. Teaching at an ESL class is no longer a new encounter for me and I can affirm the fact that it is only through practice that one is able to assess whether you are ripe for a career. The challenges encountered in an ESL program set up are no longer strange to me. The internship has given me good experience in handling adults in a classroom set up and has helped to build confidence in me as an adult teacher. I believe this experience will assist me a great deal in planning and writing my thesis for the course that I am undertaking. Knowledge is only useful if it is put into practice. The internship offered me an opportunity to put into practice a lot of knowledge both academic and otherwise and gave me good direction on best ways of detecting, identifying and getting solutions to any challenges that may cross my path in the course of my career as an ESL teacher. By offering my own suggestions and contributing ideas on how teaching at ESL classes can be improved, my own personal growth in the career is advancing. I now have the confidence to handle adults in a learning environment and to be able to identify with their emotions, weaknesses, likes and dislikes and to handle such factors without interfering with the learning process. The students were taken out to become conversant with various aspects of the country. Supplementation of students’ knowledge on English by informally speaking with them aided their learning on the English language. On the other hand, not all objectives were achieved fully. There were several problems and challenges that made the achievement of these objectives difficult. The problems that were experienced included; volunteer delayed easy interaction with the students, and volunteers could not identify and understand concerns of all students fully. Though it took some time before they interacted easily with the students, they later managed to do it. There were few communication and organization problems that arose but were sorted out with time. It was also a bit difficult to develop lesson plans containing all relevant information for the course at one particular time. This experience assisted me to improve my conversation skills. This was due to the interaction with both the volunteers and the students. During this interaction conversations between me and then assisted me to gain fluency and correct grammar when conversing. The use of correct tenses, remarks and statements in order to pass the necessary language enabled me to identify their needs in their classes. Conclusion Internship has proved to be a very helpful undertaking and I would recommend it to anyone that wishes to develop and pursue a successful career. It offers a good opportunity to learn so much about the pros and cons of a job. From the experience that I have had at the internship, I believe that I have fewer challenges to face in my future career as an ESL teacher in Saudi Arabia. This is because the internship has prepared me on almost every aspect of human interaction is it personal, social or cultural that I need in my career. The exposure to people from different social backgrounds and different cultures will serve to help me adapt to new cultural backgrounds as it gives the right psychological preparation for such an encounter. The ESL class encounter will help me to adapt in a situation where I may find myself learning a new language. The whole experience was worth the time and effort. References Dolores, La Guardia. , Guth P. H. , (2000). American Voices. Culture and Community. Toronto, Mayfield Publishers.